Teachers Guide
Children who stutter present puzzling problems to parents and teachers. Parents often wonder what causes the breaks in fluency and why the difficulty varies so much. Some days, a child may have little to no trouble, while on others, their speech is filled with repeated words or syllables and noticeable strain. This variability can be confusing for adults, especially when a child seems shy and reluctant to speak in some situations but not in others. Occasionally, parents are surprised to learn from teachers that their child has a stuttering problem at school, even if they haven’t observed it at home.
When faced with a student who stutters, teachers may not know how to respond. In trying to help, they might inadvertently make the situation worse. For instance, should a teacher supply words when a student begins to stutter? Should they reassure the student that stuttering is okay? Should the student be excused from oral presentations or should the stuttering be ignored altogether? These are common questions that teachers grapple with.
Although much research has been done on stuttering, the exact causes remain unclear. However, it is known that the environment significantly affects how students who stutter feel about themselves and their speech. Therefore, it is essential for teachers to evaluate the school environment and understand how it impacts students who stutter. Are the classroom expectations realistic? Is the student feeling undue pressure? Are there areas of school life particularly affected by the student’s speech problem? Understanding these factors can help teachers support their students more effectively.
A student who stutters should be assessed by a registered Speech-Language Pathologist. These professionals can manage stuttering in children and adults and can assist teachers, parents, and other involved parties in understanding and addressing the problem.
This guide aims to provide useful information to teachers and educators about stuttering. It is estimated that 1-2% of school-aged children stutter. The attitude of teachers toward stuttering and the example set in the classroom can significantly influence how students who stutter feel about their speech.
Before attempting to help a student who stutters, it is important to learn about stuttering, including common misconceptions, the normal development of speech, and the conditions that promote both stuttering and fluent speech. With this knowledge, teachers can make informed decisions about the best ways to support their students.
Communication is crucial for academic success, and students who stutter may struggle to communicate effectively. The attitudes of teachers can profoundly affect these students. With sensitivity and understanding, teachers can reduce communication stress, help students accept themselves, and build their confidence.
Strategies for Supporting Students Who Stutter
Foster a Supportive Classroom Environment Creating a classroom atmosphere of acceptance is crucial. Encourage all students to respect and understand differences. Educate the class about stuttering, explaining that it is a communication disorder unrelated to intelligence or capability. This helps in normalizing the condition and reducing stigma
Practice Active and Patient Listening When a student who stutters is speaking, maintain normal eye contact and listen to the content of their message rather than focusing on how it is being said. Avoid interrupting or completing sentences for them, as this can increase pressure and anxiety. Showing that you are an attentive listener can significantly boost the student’s confidence.
Avoid Simplistic Advice Phrases like “slow down,” “take a breath,” or “relax” can be counterproductive and may make the student feel self-conscious. Instead, speak to the student in an unhurried manner and model a calm, relaxed speech pattern.
Provide Opportunities for Success When calling on students who stutter, consider using yes/no questions or questions that can be answered with short phrases, especially initially. This sets them up for success and gradually builds their confidence. Always call on them when they have indicated readiness, such as raising their hand.
Implement Thoughtful Accommodations For oral presentations or reading tasks, allow the student to go first or provide alternative methods to demonstrate their knowledge. Work with the student, their parents, and their speech pathologist to determine appropriate accommodations and strategies.
Address Bullying Proactively Bullying or teasing can severely impact a student who stutters. Establish a zero-tolerance policy for bullying and encourage an open dialogue about stuttering. Facilitate discussions that promote empathy and understanding among students.
Collaborate with Specialists Regularly communicate with speech-language pathologists to stay informed about the best practices for supporting students who stutter. They can provide specific strategies tailored to the student’s needs and progress(.
Educate Substitute Teachers Ensure that any substitute teachers are aware of the student’s needs and the strategies you have in place. This continuity of support is essential for the student’s comfort and success.
Manage Classroom Reading Activities When reading aloud, ensure that the student who stutters is not put on the spot unexpectedly. Allow the student to volunteer to read or ask them privately if they would like to participate. When the student reads, provide a calm and supportive atmosphere. Avoid correcting or finishing their sentences, and praise their effort regardless of fluency.
Understand the Role of Environment The classroom environment plays a crucial role in how a student who stutters feels and performs. Ensure that classroom expectations are realistic and that the student does not feel undue pressure. Avoid situations that may cause the student to feel rushed or stressed, such as timed oral activities or competitive speaking situations.
By implementing these strategies, teachers can play a pivotal role in the academic and social development of students who stutter. Creating a supportive and understanding environment helps these students to thrive and participate fully in the classroom.
For more information and resources, visit the International Stuttering Research Foundation.
Further information on stuttering and treatment options for the student who stutters can be obtained from –
International Stuttering Research Foundation,
Temple Road, Kadavanthra P. O, Kochi 682020,
Phone: 9846044004,
